Mental Health and the Workplace

This invaluable information from the HSE will help employers to ensure they are looking after the mental health and well-being of their employees:

Mental health is about how we think, feel and behave. One in four people in the UK will experience a period of poor mental health at some point in their lives. While mental health problems are common, most are mild, tend to be short-term, and are normally successfully treated, either through talking therapy or with medication.

Anxiety and depression are the most common mental health problems. They are often a reaction to a difficult life event, such as bereavement or more recently, the huge changes to our lives caused by the Covid1-9 pandemic, but can also be caused by work-related issues.

Work can also aggravate pre-existing conditions, and problems at work can bring on symptoms or make their effects worse.

Whether work is causing the health issue or aggravating it, employers have a legal responsibility to help their employees. Work-related mental health issues must to be assessed to measure the levels of risk to staff. Where a risk is identified, steps must be taken to remove it or reduce it as far as reasonably practicable.

Some employees will have a pre-existing physical or mental health condition when recruited or may develop one caused by factors that are not work-related factors.

Their employers may have further legal requirements, to make reasonable adjustments under equalities legislation. Information about employing people with a disability can be found on GOV.UK or from the Equality and Human Rights Commission in England, Scotland, and Wales.

There is advice for line managers to help them support their employees with mental health conditions

How employers can support people with mental health conditions

In 2017, the government commissioned Lord Stevenson and Paul Farmer (Chief Executive of Mind) to independently review the role employers can play to better support individuals with mental health conditions in the workplace.

The Thriving at Work report sets out a framework of actions – called ‘Core Standards’ – that the reviewers recommend employers of all sizes can and should put in place:

Produce, implement and communicate a mental health at work plan that promotes  good mental health of all employees and outlines the support available for those who may need it

Develop mental health awareness among employees by making information, tools and support accessible

Encourage open conversations about mental health and the support available when employees are struggling, during the recruitment process and at regular intervals throughout employment, offer appropriate workplace adjustments to employees who require them

Provide employees with good working conditions and ensure they have a healthy work life balance and opportunities for development

Promote effective people management to ensure all employees have a regular conversation about their health and well-being with their line manager, supervisor or organisational leader and train and support line managers and supervisors in effective management practices

Routinely monitor employee mental health and wellbeing by understanding available data, talking to employees, and understanding risk factors

The core standards have been designed to help employers improve the mental health of their workplace and enable individuals with mental health conditions to thrive.

By taking action on work-related stress, either through using the HSE Management Standards or an equivalent approach, employers will meet parts of the core standards framework, as they will:

• form part of a mental health at work plan
• promote communications and open conversations, by raising awareness and reducing stigma
• provide a mechanism for monitoring actions and outcomes

How mental ill health and work-related stress can go together

Work-related stress and mental health problems often go together and the symptoms can be very similar.

Work-related stress can aggravate an existing mental health problem, making it more difficult to control. If work-related stress reaches a point where it has triggered an existing mental health problem, it becomes hard to separate one from the other.

Common mental health problems and stress can exist independently – people can experience work-related stress and physical changes such as high blood pressure, without having anxiety, depression or other mental health problems. They can also have anxiety and depression without experiencing stress. The key differences between them are their cause(s) and the way(s) they are treated.

Stress is a reaction to events or experiences in someone’s home life, work life or a combination of both. Common mental health problems can have a single cause outside work, for example bereavement, divorce, postnatal depression, a medical condition or a family history of the problem. But people can have these sorts of problems with no obvious causes.

As an employer, you can help manage and prevent stress by improving conditions at work. But you also have a role in making adjustments and helping someone manage a mental health problem at work.

Mental ill health, stress and the Management Standards

Although stress can lead to physical and mental health conditions and can aggravate existing conditions, the good news is that it can be tackled. By taking action to remove or reduce stressors, you can prevent people becoming ill and avoid those with an existing condition becoming less able to control their illness.

HSE’s Management Standards approach to tackling work-related stress establishes a framework to help employers tackle work-related stress and, as a result, also reduce the incidence and negative impact of mental ill health.

The Management Standards approach can help employers put processes in place for properly managing work-related stress. By covering six key areas of work design you will be taking steps that will minimise pressure, manage potential stressors and limit the negative impact that the work could have on your employees.

Click here to access the HSE Templates and Tools for managing mental health in the workplace